The Arc de Triomphe is the linchpin of the Axe historique (historic axis) – a sequence of monuments and grand thoroughfares on a route which runs from the courtyard of the Louvre to the Grande Arche de la Défense. The monument was designed by Jean Chalgrin in 1806 and its iconographic program pitsheroically nude French youths against bearded Germanic warriors in chain mail. It set the tone for public monuments with triumphant patriotic messages. 1. An arc = un arc 2. list of war veterans = liste des anciens combattants 3. stone = pierre 4. le champs elysees 5. carvings = sculptures I eat... un croque madame une crepe
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